l 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　承受者+be{is/am/are +done（過(guò)去分詞） by+執(zhí)行者 .

　　E.g.： Many schools are built（done） every year in the city.

　　note： ｛地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般都放在句末；in the city 特指

　　其中 be 的使用取決于主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)形式。

　　A lot of修飾可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞

　　Many修飾可數(shù)名詞

　　Mach修飾不可數(shù)名詞

　　主動(dòng)： They all read（原形） English every day.

　　被動(dòng)：English read （過(guò)去分詞）by all of them every day.

　　主動(dòng)：Mother often scolds me.

　　被動(dòng)：I am often scolded by mother.

　　2. 一般過(guò)去式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　承受者+be{was/were +done（過(guò)去分詞） by+執(zhí)行者 （不明確可省略）。

　　E.g.： 主動(dòng)：He repaired his bike yesterday.

　　被動(dòng)：His bike was repaired by him yesterday.

　　主動(dòng)：Children cleaned many streets last Sunday.

　　被動(dòng)：Many streets were cleaned by children last Sunday.

　　3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　承受者+be{is/am/are being（現(xiàn)在分詞）done by+執(zhí)行者 （不明確可省略）。

　　E.g. 主動(dòng)： He is writing his composition.

　　被動(dòng)：His composition is being written by him.

　　Note： write/wrote/wtitten

　　4. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　承受者+be{was/were｝ being（現(xiàn)在分詞）done by+執(zhí)行者 （不明確可省略）。

　　E.g. 主動(dòng)：He was majoring computer during his college.

　　被動(dòng)：Computer was being majored by him during his college.

　　5. 將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　承受者+｛be going to/will/shall（be動(dòng)詞原形）/be to｝be done by+執(zhí)行者 （不明確時(shí)可省略）。

　　E.g.1 A big supermarket will/shall/be to be built here next year

　　Note ： be to ：計(jì)劃或安排好的動(dòng)作或行為。

　　E.g.2 The flight is to leave for Hefei city.

　　6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　承受者+have（復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)）/has been done by+執(zhí)行者 （不明確可省略）

　　E.g. 主動(dòng)：Our School has finished many scientific researches.

　　被動(dòng)：Many scientific researches have been finished by our school.

　　7. 將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　承受者+｛be going to/will/shall/be to｝have been done by+執(zhí)行者

　　E.g. 主動(dòng)：We‘ ll have finished the book by the end of September.

　　被動(dòng)： The book will/shall have been finished by the end of September

　　Note： by the end of 短語(yǔ)的用法

　　（1） Will have done by the end of +將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)

　�。�2） Had done by the end of +過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)

　　E.g. The project had been made by the end of last week.

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