普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試是由合格的高中畢業(yè)生和具有同等學(xué)力的考生參加的選拔性考試。高等學(xué)校根據(jù)考生的成績，按已確定的招生計(jì)劃，德、智、體全面衡量，擇優(yōu)錄取。因此，高考應(yīng)有較高的信度、效度、適當(dāng)?shù)碾y度和必要的區(qū)分度。
英語科考試是按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測試要求設(shè)計(jì)的。
【導(dǎo)讀】《考試大綱》是根據(jù)普通高等學(xué)校對新生文化素質(zhì)的要求，參照《中學(xué)教學(xué)大綱》并根據(jù)中學(xué)教學(xué)實(shí)際而制定的。它明確了考試的指導(dǎo)思想。
�、�.考試內(nèi)容和要求
根據(jù)普通高等學(xué)校對新生文化素質(zhì)的要求，參照教育部2000年頒布的《全日制高級中學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱(試驗(yàn)修訂版)》，并考慮中學(xué)教學(xué)實(shí)際，制訂本學(xué)科考試內(nèi)容。
一、語言知識
要求考生能夠適當(dāng)運(yùn)用基本的語法知識(見附錄)，掌握2 000左右的詞匯及相關(guān)詞組(見《全日制高級中學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱(試驗(yàn)修訂版)》)。
【導(dǎo)讀】語言知識題包括語法、詞匯類單項(xiàng)填空題和完形填空題。語言知識主要考查：①語法和詞匯知識在實(shí)際的、不同的情景中的運(yùn)用；②語言必須適合具體的交際行為；③語言考核的焦點(diǎn)為達(dá)到交際的目的，交際行為除了需要語言能力外，還需要把握情況的能力等。
二、語言運(yùn)用
1.聽力
要求考生聽懂有關(guān)日常生活中所熟悉話題的簡短獨(dú)白和對話。考生應(yīng)能：
(1)理解主旨和要義；
【導(dǎo)讀】主旨要義一般比較明確，但有時(shí)會貫穿整個(gè)對話或獨(dú)白，需要考生自己去歸納、概括。
(2)獲取事實(shí)性的具體信息；
【導(dǎo)讀】為說明和支持主旨，對話或獨(dú)白總會出現(xiàn)一些具體信息，如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物等。這些信息是理解和把握對話或獨(dú)白主旨不可少的要素，也常常是聽力部分的重點(diǎn)考查項(xiàng)目。
(3)對所聽內(nèi)容作出簡單推斷；
【導(dǎo)讀】推斷能力在一定程度上可以體現(xiàn)一個(gè)人對口語的理解能力，因而也是聽力測試考查的重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目之一。
(4)理解說話者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。
【導(dǎo)讀】一般來講，說話者總會表明說話的意圖，或是提出或回答問題，或是闡明自己的想法，或是表明自己的態(tài)度或意見，對此的理解或推斷在一般交往中非常重要。
【試題舉例】
M：Ladies and Gentlemen, let's welcome Jane Carter. Jane, you are so young.How can you sing so well?
W：Well, Mr. Green. I like singing very much. And I've been doing this for a while. Above all I have Mr. James as my teacher.
M：No wonder. I believe you'll do a wonderful job tonight. Now ladies and gentlemen, Jane Carter!
1.What is the man doing?
A. Giving a speech. B. Chairing a meeting. C. Introducing a person.
2.Why does the woman sing so well?
A.She has a great teacher. B.She teaches singing. C.She is young.
1.【答案】C
【解析】根據(jù)男聲“let's welcome Jane Carter”可知他是在向別人介紹一個(gè)名叫Jane Carter的歌手。
2.【答案】A
【解析】根據(jù)女聲“And I've been doing this for a while. Above all I have Mr. James as my teacher.”可知她歌唱得很好不僅是因?yàn)榫毩撕荛L時(shí)間，主要還是有位好老師教她。
2.閱讀
要求考生讀懂公告、說明、廣告以及書、報(bào)、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文章�？忌鷳�(yīng)能：
(1)理解主旨和要義；
【導(dǎo)讀】文章的主旨大意一般出現(xiàn)在開頭、結(jié)尾和過渡段。不過有時(shí)貫穿整篇文章。考生要培養(yǎng)快速瀏覽全文，提取主旨要義的能力。
(2)理解文中具體信息；
(3)根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義；
【導(dǎo)讀】正確理解文章中單詞或短語的含義，是理解文章的第一步，也是基礎(chǔ)。英語單詞的含義隨語境的不同會有所不同。能根據(jù)上下文正確理解靈活變化的詞義，才算是真正初步具備了一定的閱讀理解能力。此外，不使用詞典而通過閱讀上下文推斷生詞的含義，是一個(gè)合格的讀者所必須具備的能力，也是閱讀測試中經(jīng)常檢測的一種能力。
(4)作出簡單判斷和推理；
(5)理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；
【導(dǎo)讀】把握全篇的文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系。對這種能力的考查，一般反映在理解文中某一段落的作用或某些詞語的指代關(guān)系的題目中。
(6)理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。
【試題舉例】(2008年全國卷Ⅰ)
Last week my youngest son and I visited my father at his new home in Tucson，Arizona.He moved there a few years ago，and I was eager to see his new place and meet his friends.
My earliest memories of my father are of a tall，handsome，successful man devoted to his work and family，but uncomfortable with his children.As a child I loved him；as a school girl and young adult(成年人)I feared him and felt bitter about him.He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A’s and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as “successful” as he was.Whenever I went out with him on weekends，I used to struggle to think up things to say，feeling on guard.
On the first day of my visit，we went out with one of my father’s friends for lunch at an outdoor cafe.We walked along that afternoon，did some shopping，ate on the street table，and laughed over my son’s funny facial expressions.Gone was my father’s critical(挑剔的)air and strict rules.Who was this person I knew as my father，who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around？What had held him back before?
The next day my dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood.Although our times together became easier over the years，I never felt closer to him at that moment.After so many years，I’m at last seeing another side of my father.And in so doing，I’m delighted with my_new_friend.My dad，in his new home in Arizona，is back to me from where he was.
56.Why did the author feel bitter about her father as a young adult?
A.He was silent most of the time.
B.He was too proud of himself.
C.He did not love his children.
D.He expected too much of her
57.When the author went out with her father on weekends，she would feel________.
A.nervous B.sorry
C.tired D.safe
58.What does the author think of her father after her visit to Tucson?
A.More critical. B.More talkative.
C.Gentle and friendly. D.Strict and hard-working.
59.The underlined words “my new friend” in the last paragraph refer to________.
A.the author’s son
B.the author’s father
C.the friend of the author’s father
D.the cafe owner
【文章大意】本文是記敘文，主要講述“我”和自己的小兒子去“我”父親家看他的新房子的事情。我感受到了父親的巨大變化：他以前那種嚴(yán)厲冷酷的架勢不見了，多了一份親切、關(guān)懷。
56.【答案】D
【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。答案信息在第二段“...felt bitter about him. He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A’s...”。
57.【答案】A
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。信息提示在第二段最后一句話：“Whenever I went out with him on weekends, I used to struggle to think up things to say, feeling on guard.”
58.【答案】C
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段與第四段可找到答案。
59.【答案】B
【解析】考查指代問題。根據(jù)全文可知，父親以前很苛刻，我和他關(guān)系很疏遠(yuǎn)，如今他變了，容易讓人親近了，此時(shí)把父親稱作自己的“新”朋友，后文信息提示“my new friend. My dad, in his new home in Arizona, is back to me from where he was.”
