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2015高考英語(yǔ)作文寫作技巧:典型錯(cuò)誤及對(duì)策(2)

2014-11-21 09:52:21 來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)

  【句法結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤】

  1.句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整

  閱卷發(fā)現(xiàn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整的情況常出現(xiàn)在定語(yǔ)從句以及需要跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)中。

  × I'd like to communicate with students come from foreign countries.

  √ I'd like to communicate with students who come from different countries.

  √ I'd like to communicate with students from different countries.

  × I can tell the foreign students about China.

  剖析:

  "告訴某人某物"為 tell sb sth 。

  √ I can tell the foreign students something about China.

  對(duì)策:掌握好主謂、主謂賓、主系表、主謂雙賓、主謂賓補(bǔ)五種基本句型和 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)。通過(guò)翻譯、改錯(cuò)、改寫、轉(zhuǎn)換句型等將句法結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)化,要有意識(shí)地經(jīng)常運(yùn)用已糾正的常錯(cuò)句型,注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性。

  2.懸垂修飾語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象

  懸垂修飾語(yǔ)是指句首的短語(yǔ)或修飾語(yǔ)與后面句子的邏輯關(guān)系混亂不清。分詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞和省略句作為修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)考生受漢語(yǔ)影響常會(huì)出現(xiàn)懸垂現(xiàn)象。

  × In order to help us learn English well, a foreign teacher will be hired.

  √ In order to help us learn English well, our school will hire a foreign teacher.

  × At the age of 19,my sister left hometown for Harvard University.

  √ When my sister was 19, she left hometown for Harvard University.

  √ When Iwas19, my sister left hometown for Harvard University.

  對(duì)策:使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和省略句作為修飾語(yǔ)時(shí),要注意使它們的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)除外)。運(yùn)用短語(yǔ)作從句時(shí),要記住短語(yǔ)所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不得與后面主句所描述的內(nèi)容有所沖突或者造成歧義。

  3.漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ),逐字翻譯

  比如表達(dá)"我對(duì)這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)感興趣,想?yún)⒓印?quot;

  × I'm interested in the activity and want to take part in.

  √ I'm interested in the activity and want to take part in it.

  表達(dá)"公園里有一則告示,上面寫道:

  '注意安全,道路光滑。'"

  × There is a notice in the park, writing:

  "To take no tice of safe, slippery sideway"

  √ There is a notice in the park, saying:

  "Watch your step. Slippery sideway."

  對(duì)策:養(yǎng)成用英語(yǔ)思維進(jìn)行寫作的習(xí)慣,不逐字翻譯題目所列的要求,遇到自己沒(méi)有把握的,可換一種方式表達(dá)。

  【語(yǔ)法關(guān)系不一致】

  表現(xiàn)為:主謂不一致、指代不一致、單復(fù)數(shù)不一致、比較對(duì)象不一致、時(shí)態(tài)不一致等方面。如:

  × In the bedroom there are a bed, a desk and a chair.

  √ In the bedroom there is a bed, a desk and a chair.

  × The shoes are very beautiful. I think you will like it.

  √ The shoes are very beautiful. I think you will like them .

  對(duì)策:日常學(xué)習(xí)中,要多留心各種特殊的語(yǔ)法關(guān)系,注意培養(yǎng)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)感。寫作完成后,只要認(rèn)真檢查,就可以避免類似錯(cuò)誤的出現(xiàn)。

  (責(zé)任編輯:盧雁明)

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