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高一英語(yǔ):上冊(cè)第三單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)Lesson 1 Festivals

2017-01-04 22:52:28 來(lái)源:精品學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)

   一.重點(diǎn)單詞

  1.include v.包含,包括

  Six students have been to Japan, including me.

  六個(gè)學(xué)生曾去過(guò)日本,包括我。

  拓展:

  (1)contain 指作為組成部分被包含在內(nèi),是內(nèi)容物的包括。

  The drink contains alcohol.

  這種飲料里含有酒精。

  (2)include指作為整體的一部分包括進(jìn)去,是范圍的包括。

  His duty includes answering phones.

  他的責(zé)任包括接電話。

  (3) including +名詞/代詞 意思為 “包括...在內(nèi)”。

  (4) 名詞/代詞+ included 意思為 “...被包括在內(nèi)”。

  運(yùn)用:選擇填空

  (1)Five students, ____Tom, passed the exam the other day.

  A. included B. including C. contain D. contained

  答案:B including +名詞/代詞 意思為 “包括...在內(nèi)”,

  名詞/代詞+ included 意思為 “...被包括在內(nèi)”。Tom included 也對(duì)。

  (2) The boss has______ the broken cup in your bill.

  A. including B. included C. contained D. containing

  答案:B include指作為整體的一部分包括進(jìn)去,是范圍的包括。

  2.journey n.旅行

  拓展:

  trip , tour, travel與journey的區(qū)別

  journey主要指路地長(zhǎng)途旅行, trip常指短距離的旅行,遠(yuǎn)足。

  tour常指觀光、考察等的環(huán)游旅行,travel指短距離或國(guó)外旅行

  運(yùn)用:選擇填空

  He likes __ to France.

  A. journey B. traveling C. tour D. trip

  答案:B like to do/doing sth

  3. power n.

  1) 權(quán),政權(quán);權(quán)力;勢(shì)力 (+over)

  2) 職權(quán);權(quán)限[C][U][+to-v]

  The president has the power to vote down bills.

  總統(tǒng)有權(quán)否決議案。

  3) 能力,本領(lǐng) (+of)

  She lost her power of speech.

  她失去了說(shuō)話的能力。

  4)力;動(dòng)力,電力

  The shortage of power dimmed the streets.

  由于電力不足,街道昏暗。

  5) (有時(shí)大寫)有權(quán)力的人;有影響的機(jī)構(gòu);強(qiáng)國(guó),大國(guó)

  The world powers will meet in Paris this summer.

  今夏世界上的大國(guó)將在巴黎聚會(huì)。

  拓展:

  powerful adj. 有影響力的,權(quán)力大的 powerfully adv.有權(quán)勢(shì)地

  (1) come into power 上臺(tái)、執(zhí)政(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)

  (2) the power to do sth =the power of doing sth 做……的能力

  類似用法的詞還有way, chance等。

  (3) out of/beyond one's power 某人不能勝任的;能力所不及

  (4) in power 執(zhí)政,當(dāng)權(quán)(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))

  (5) have power over sb. 能支配某人

  運(yùn)用:選擇填空

  When Hitler came into___, he found the doors of the study closed to him.

  A. light B. power C. office D. being

  答案:B come into power 上臺(tái)、執(zhí)政。

  4.accept v.接受、應(yīng)允、收受 答應(yīng)

  拓展:

  accept強(qiáng)調(diào)自愿主動(dòng)地接受,receive強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)接受 或收到

  accept作及物動(dòng)詞,還表示承認(rèn),相信 ,接納。

  Mary received a gift from a friend of hers, but she didn't accept it.

  I can't accept my new boss.

  運(yùn)用:選擇填空

  He did____ the gift, but he didn’t____ it.

  A. accept; receive B. receive; accept

  C. accepted; receive. D. receive; accepted

  答案: D accept強(qiáng)調(diào)自愿主動(dòng)地接受,receive強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)接受 或收到。

  5.decorate vt裝飾;布置

  He decorated the room with flowers.

  他用鮮花裝飾了那間房子。

  拓展:

  (1)decorate sth with sth 用某物裝點(diǎn)某物

  (2)decoration n 裝潢,裝飾品

  運(yùn)用: 翻譯

  他為了給我裝修房間買了許多裝飾品給我。

  答案: He bought me a lot of decorations to decorate my rooms.

  6.darkness 黑暗

  The whole country was in thick darkness when the war broke out.

  當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)時(shí),整個(gè)國(guó)家都籠罩在深深的黑暗中。

  拓展:

  darkness與dark的區(qū)別,darkness常指一時(shí)的黑暗。dark表示經(jīng)常

  的黑暗或長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的黑暗,用時(shí)需加the。

  Keep sb in the dark 為某人保密

  Keep sth in the dark 暗中做事

  運(yùn)用:選擇填空

  lt was ________before we got there.

  A. lights B. moon C. bright D. dark

  答案: D dark表示經(jīng)常的黑暗或長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的黑暗。

  7. occasion n.

  1) 場(chǎng)合,時(shí)刻;重大活動(dòng),盛典[C]

  2) 時(shí)機(jī),機(jī)會(huì)

  I seized the occasion to invite her home for dinner.

  我抓住機(jī)會(huì)邀請(qǐng)她回家里吃飯。

  3)起因,近因 (+of)

  His departure was the occasion of much sadness.

  他的離別是令人十分悲傷的起因。

  4) 理由;需要[U] (+for/+to-v)

  He has no occasion to buy another bike.

  他沒(méi)有必要再買一輛自行車。

  拓展:occasion vt.

  引起;惹起

  Li Ming rude behavior occasioned a quarrel.

  李明的粗魯行為引起了一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)吵。

  與occasion搭配的相關(guān)詞組:

  by occasion of 由于,因?yàn)?

  on occasion(s) 偶爾,間或,有時(shí);

  on the occasion of 在…之際;

  on this occasion 這一次

  on one occasion 曾經(jīng),有一個(gè)時(shí)候

  運(yùn)用:完成句子

  (1) 由于粗心她沒(méi)有通過(guò)考試。

  He failed the exam ____ occasion ___ his carelessness.

  答案: by; of

  (2) 你沒(méi)有理由賣掉這房子。

  You have no occasion ___ ___ the house.

  答案:to; sell

  8. contribute v.

  拓展:(1)捐獻(xiàn),貢獻(xiàn),增加

  The terrible weather contributed to our difficulty .

  惡劣的天氣增加人們的困難。

  (2)向……投稿

  Li Lei often contributes to the magazine.

  李雷經(jīng)常給雜志投稿。

  (3)contribution n.貢獻(xiàn),常用詞組 make a contribution /contributions to

  為……做貢獻(xiàn)

  They made great contributions to their motherland.

  他為他的祖國(guó)作出了很大的貢獻(xiàn)。

  運(yùn)用:選擇填空

  The rich man _________much money ___his hometown.

  A.contributed; to B.contribute; to C.contibuted to; to D.contributes to; on

  (責(zé)任編輯:康彥林)

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