盤點(diǎn)高考英語語法直接引語變間接引語的情況
只要同學(xué)們扎扎實(shí)實(shí)搞好復(fù)習(xí)，相信大家的學(xué)習(xí)能力一定會在原有基礎(chǔ)上得到提高，小編為大家整理了直接引語變間接引語的情況，希望大家認(rèn)真閱讀做好復(fù)習(xí)!
1、直接引語是陳述句時(shí)
間接引語為that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(口語中that可以省略)，主句的引述動詞主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。
He said, "You are younger than I.” He said (that) I was younger than him.
2、直接引語是疑問句時(shí)
間接引語為陳述語序：主句的謂語動詞say 改為ask,或改為wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。
(1) 一般疑問句或反意疑問句變?yōu)閕f (whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
She asked me, "You have seen the film, haven’t you?"
→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
(2) 選擇疑問句變?yōu)閣hether….or 賓語從句。
I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
(3)特殊疑問句變?yōu)橛稍瓉淼囊蓡栐~引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
He asked, "Where do you live?" →He asked me where I lived.
3、直接引語是祈使句時(shí)
間接引語為不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等動詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語(don’t 變?yōu)閚ot ).
The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window." →The teacher told the boy to open the window.
His father said to him, “Don’t leave the door open.” →His father told him not to leave the door open.
[注意]
(1) 有些表示建議、提議、勸告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等動詞 加以轉(zhuǎn)述。例如：
He said, "Let’s go to the theatre."
→He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.
(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
→He asked me to open the window.
"Why don’t you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
→he advised me to take a walk after supper.
"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
→He suggested listening to the music.
4、直接引語是感嘆句時(shí)
間接引語為what 或how 引導(dǎo)，也可以用that 引導(dǎo)。
She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
5、如果主句謂語動詞為各種現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)，則間接引語中的動詞仍保持直接引語原來時(shí)態(tài)。如果主句謂語動詞為過去時(shí)，間接引語中的動詞時(shí)態(tài)按下列變化：
(1) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)
(2) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)
(3) 一般將來時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去將來時(shí)
(4) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)
(5) 一般過去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)
(6) 過去完成時(shí)不變，仍為過去完成時(shí)
[注意]
(1) 如果直接引語是表示客觀真理時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不改為一般過去時(shí)。如：
The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
(2) 如果直接引語中有明確表示過時(shí)間的狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)不改為過去完成時(shí)。如：
He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)如果直接引語所述事實(shí)在當(dāng)時(shí)和目前同樣生效，變?yōu)殚g接賓語時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不改為一般過去時(shí)。如：
He said, "I’m a boy, not a girl."
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)如果直接引語中的謂語動詞表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣動作，在變?yōu)殚g接引時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不改為一般過去時(shí)。如：
The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)如果直接引語中含有since, when, while 引導(dǎo)的表示過去時(shí)間的狀語從句，在變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，只改變主句中的謂語動詞，從句的一般過去時(shí)則不變。如：
He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)如果直接引語中含有情態(tài)動詞 must, need, had better以及情態(tài)動詞的過去式could, might, should, would,在變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，這些情態(tài)動詞沒有時(shí)態(tài)的改變。例如：
The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.
He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
→He said that he could swim when he was only six.
6.代詞等一般地應(yīng)作用相應(yīng)的變化。
指示代詞 this ---that
these--- those
表示時(shí)間的詞 now --- then
today--- that day
this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc)
yesterday ----the day before
last week(month) --- the week(month) before
three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)before
tomorrow ----the next (following ) day
next week(month)--the next(following)week(month)
表地點(diǎn)的詞 here --there
動詞 bring -- take
come –go
育路小編為大家提供的直接引語變間接引語的情況到這里了，愿大家都能努力復(fù)習(xí)，豐富自己，鍛煉自己。
(責(zé)任編輯：郭峰)
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