高考英語復(fù)習(xí)：巧記善辨動詞和動詞詞組
南開中學(xué) 段勝利
例三：Why don’t you just ____ your own business and leave me alone?
A. make B. open
C. consider D. mind
答案D。mind your own business：not ask questions about a situation that does not involve you，管你自己的事，非正式用法。consider：to think about something carefully, especially before making a choice or decision(做決定前仔細(xì)，認(rèn)真)考慮。
例四：Does this meal cost $50? I __________ something far better than this!
A. prefer B. expect
C. suggest D. suppose
答案B。expect：to think that you will find that someone or something has a particular quality or does a particular thing原本料想;prefer：to like someone or something more than someone or something else, so that you would choose it if you could，更喜歡。
3.歸類辨析
詞的辨析還可以通過將詞從微觀歸類到某一宏觀范圍，如主觀、客觀，或者將其特性作一分析，如表示過程還是結(jié)果等方法加以辨析。如：下列兩組詞：
A B
look for find
look at see
listen to hear
A組詞強(qiáng)調(diào)動作，B組詞強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。
例一：Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.
A. grow B. appear
C. become D. stay
答案D。stay為連系動詞，有“保持”的意思，是個狀態(tài)詞;而grow，become也可以是連系動詞，但是個“變”態(tài)的動詞，表示“變得”。
例二：—— Ow! I’ve burnt myself!
—— How did you do that?
—— I ________ a hot pot.
A. touched B. kept
C. felt D. held
答案A。touch是動作動詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)“碰”，而feel是個過程動詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)“覺出”。
4. 形象聯(lián)想辨析
辨析詞是為了掌握詞的用法，方便記憶。因此，有的情況下，可以通過形象聯(lián)想，加深對詞的理解。如：
例一：I’m putting on weight. The doctor has warned me to _________ sugar.
A. keep up B. keep back
C. keep off D. keep away
答案C。keep off有“不接近、避免”等意思，在此題中是“不(吃、喝)”之意。keep off 的這個語義，我們還可以聯(lián)想中英文標(biāo)示用語。“勿踏草坪”，就是用“Keep off the grass!”來表示的。
例二：The dictionary published by Oxford University Press recently has really ______ because it is of great use to the learners of English.
A. taken away
B. taken down
C. taken off
D. taken out
答案C。take off： (產(chǎn)品或觀念)大受歡迎、(產(chǎn)品銷售量)急升。這個詞也很容易讓我們聯(lián)想到飛機(jī)起飛的“take off”，從而記清詞義。
總之，動詞和動詞短語的識記和辨析，是學(xué)習(xí)英語難點，同時也是高考的流行考點，同學(xué)們在積累詞匯的時候，要用心學(xué)，用心悟，這樣，在遇到動詞相關(guān)的詞匯問題時，才會在處理上得心應(yīng)手。
(責(zé)任編輯：郭躍文)
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