高二英語(yǔ)unit1期末復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)總結(jié)
世界上60%以上的信件是用英語(yǔ)書(shū)寫(xiě)的，上兩個(gè)世紀(jì)英國(guó)和美國(guó)在文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、政治和科學(xué)上的領(lǐng)先地位使得英語(yǔ)成為一種準(zhǔn)國(guó)際語(yǔ)言。育路小編準(zhǔn)備了高二英語(yǔ)unit1期末復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)，具體請(qǐng)看以下內(nèi)容。
starvation n. 挨餓;餓死
(1)單項(xiàng)填空
Many people death in the earthquake as a result of the delay of the supplies.
A. were starved of B. starved to
C. were starved D. starved for
(2)用starve相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空
①Thousands of people in Africa.
�、赥hese children are love.
③The people on the island fresh water since it hadn’t rained for nearly half a year.
解析: (1)選B。
starve to death為固定搭配，意為“餓死”，符合句意。
(2)be starved of與starve for均為“渴望”之意。
�、賡tarved to death/died of starvation
②starving for
�、踳ere starved of
It is my belief that ...我相信……
He has great belief in his doctor.他對(duì)他的醫(yī)生無(wú)比信賴(lài)。
She has lost her belief in God.她已不相信上帝。
用brief相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空
�、貶e came to me I could help him.
�、� that nuclear weapons are immoral.
③The cruelty of the murders was .
答案：
�、賗n the belief that
�、贗t is my belief
�、踒eyond belief
2. belief n. [C/U] 信任;信仰，信心;(pl. beliefs)
believe vi.&vt. 相信
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
have belief in sth./sb. 對(duì)某物/某人的真實(shí)性和正確性所具有的信心
beyond belief 難以置信
in the belief that ... 相信…
have belief in相信, 信任
to the best of my belief在我看來(lái); 我深信; 就我所知
have belief in the masses相信群眾
a person worthy of belief可以信得過(guò)的人
There is nothing more natural than a child's belief in his parents.沒(méi)有任何事情比孩子對(duì)他父母的信賴(lài)更為自然。
辨析
1. belief faith trust confidence都含有“相信”的意思。
belief 指“承認(rèn)某事是真的, 盡管有或沒(méi)有確鑿的證據(jù)”, 如:
belief in ghosts.相信有鬼
2. faith 指“認(rèn)為有確鑿證據(jù)或道理而完全相信”, 如:
I have faith in his ability to succeed.我相信他有成功的能力。
3. trust 指“信賴(lài)”、“信任”, 含有“堅(jiān)定的信念”的意思, 如:
enjoy the trust of the people得到人民的信任。
4. confidence 指“在有證據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上相信”, 也常指“自信”、“有把握”, 如:
She has great confidence in her success.她對(duì)自己的成功充滿(mǎn)信心。
3. gain n. 獲得;增加;獲利，獲得物;收益;利潤(rùn)
vt. 得到;獲得，贏(yíng)得，增加，增添，到達(dá);(鐘、表等)快
He gained full marks in the examination.他考試得了滿(mǎn)分。
For the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is.她生平第一次明確地知道世界是多么大。
The company has made notable gains in productivity.該公司在生產(chǎn)能力方面已經(jīng)有了明顯的提高。
My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快5分鐘。
辨析
gain/win/get/earn/acquire
1. gain 指在斗爭(zhēng)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中做出很大努力而“獲得……”，所得到的東西常具有一定價(jià)值。
No gains without pains.[諺]沒(méi)有辛苦就沒(méi)有收獲; 不勞則無(wú)獲。
No pains no gains.[諺]沒(méi)有辛苦就沒(méi)有收獲; 不勞則無(wú)獲。
Sometimes the best gain is to lose.[諺]有時(shí)吃虧就是占便宜。
gain one's living謀生
gain the battle打勝仗
gain the audience's attention吸引住聽(tīng)眾[觀(guān)眾]
gain the top of a mountain到達(dá)山頂
2. win 含有取勝的一方具有優(yōu)越的特質(zhì)或條件而能克服各種障礙的意思，意為“贏(yíng)得”。
win out=To succeed 成功或獲勝
win through=To overcome difficulties and attain a desired goal or end.克服困難并達(dá)到既定目標(biāo)或結(jié)果
3. get 為普通詞，有時(shí)指不一定需要努力就能“得到”。
4. earn 意為“賺得”，表示經(jīng)過(guò)艱苦努力所得到的報(bào)酬。
She earned a reputation as a hard worker.勤勞的工作使她享有聲譽(yù)
earn one's living 謀生
earn one's own living 自食其力
5. acquire 意為“獲得，取得”，一般指通過(guò)漫長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程而逐漸獲得。學(xué)得(知識(shí)等), 求得, 養(yǎng)成(習(xí)慣等)
acquire knwledge of 求得...的知識(shí)
We must work hard to acquire a good knowledge of English. 我們必須用功學(xué)習(xí)才能精通英語(yǔ)。
We must cherish experience acquired at the cost of blood. 我們必須珍惜用鮮血換來(lái)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
選詞填空(beat/defeat/conquer/win)
�、買(mǎi)’m new in the job but I have already experience.
�、赑lease me a glass of water.
�、跦is perseverance him many friends and a gold medal.
�、蹾e up to $50,000 a year by writing stories.
⑤After six years‘ study, he has a good knowledge of English.
答案：
�、賕ained ②get ③has won ④earns ⑤acquired
4. award vt. 授予，獎(jiǎng)給(后多接雙賓語(yǔ)，在多數(shù)場(chǎng)合下用被動(dòng)形式be awarded);判定;n.獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品;獎(jiǎng)金
Educational Development Awards [英]教育發(fā)展獎(jiǎng)金
literary awards 文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)金
major award 一等獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金
minor award 二等獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金
to award prizes to the winners.
Medals were awarded to the best speakers on the debating team.獎(jiǎng)?wù)率诮o了辯論隊(duì)中的最佳演說(shuō)者。
He got the highest award in the contest. 他得到了比賽的最高獎(jiǎng)。
辨析
award/prize/reward
1. award既可作動(dòng)詞也可作名詞，指為鼓勵(lì)在工作中達(dá)到或完成所提出的要求或條件的人而進(jìn)行的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，往往強(qiáng)調(diào)榮譽(yù)而不在乎獎(jiǎng)品的大小或獎(jiǎng)金的多少。
prize為名詞，多指在各類(lèi)競(jìng)賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)或抽彩中所贏(yíng)得的獎(jiǎng)。這種獎(jiǎng)賞有的憑能力獲得，有的憑運(yùn)氣獲得。
reward既可作動(dòng)詞也可作名詞，指對(duì)某人的工作或服務(wù)等的報(bào)答。也指因幫助警察抓到罪犯或幫助失主找到東西而得到的賞金、酬金。
get nothing in reward for one's hard work辛苦工作而無(wú)任何報(bào)酬
receive a title as a reward for one's services to the nation因?qū)?guó)家有貢獻(xiàn)而獲得光榮稱(chēng)號(hào)
give sb. a reward of ￥100 給某人一百元的報(bào)酬
His efforts were rewarded by success. 他的努力獲得了成功。
She rewarded the boy with $10 for his help. 她因那男孩幫助而酬謝他十美元。
習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)
as a reward for 作為(對(duì)某事的)報(bào)酬[獎(jiǎng)賞]
be rewarded by success 獲得了成功
give[offer]a reward to sb. for sth. 為某事而給某人報(bào)酬
in reward of 為酬答...; 作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)
reward sb. for sth. 為某事報(bào)答某人
reward sb. with ...for sth. 為某事而以...報(bào)答某人
He won the award for the best student of the year.他獲得本年度最優(yōu)秀學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)。
A prize was given to the person who had the winning number.獎(jiǎng)品獎(jiǎng)給了那個(gè)獲得中獎(jiǎng)號(hào)碼的人。
He received a medal as a reward for his courage. 他得到一枚獎(jiǎng)?wù)�，作為�?duì)他勇敢的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
單項(xiàng)填空
Three university departments have been $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.
A.Promoted B.included C.Secured D.awarded
解析:選D。
考查詞義辨析。
promote 促進(jìn)，提升;
include包括;
secure保證，使安全;
award授予，獎(jiǎng)給。根據(jù)句意“被獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)了600,000美元”可知，D項(xiàng)正確。
5. admire vt. 贊美;欽佩;羨慕。其后可接人或物作賓語(yǔ)，但不可以接賓語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)。 vi. 驚訝, 驚異
admiration n. 贊美，欽佩;令人贊美的人或物
admirer n. 欽佩者;羨慕者
admire sb. for sth. 因某事欽佩或羨慕某人
express admiration for sb. 對(duì)某人表示欽佩
have great admiration for sb. 十分欽佩某人
in admiration of 表示欽佩
with/in admiration 心懷欽佩地
They admired our garden.他們羨慕我們的花園。
I admire (him for) his courage. 我佩服他的勇氣。
I admire him for his success in business. 我羨慕他事業(yè)有成。
We all admired at his sudden success. 他的突然成功使我們感到驚訝。
Aren't you going to admire my new house? 你難道不想夸夸我的新房子嗎?
拓展
warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事
rob sb. of sth.搶劫某人某物
rid sb. of sth.使某人擺脫/除去某物
suspect sb. of sth.懷疑某人某事
accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事
demand answer of sb.要求某人答復(fù)
take charge of 負(fù)責(zé), 看管
ask a favour of sb.請(qǐng)某人幫忙
完成句子
①Stop looking in the mirror (自我欣賞).
�、赩isitors to Beijing usually (欽佩那里的警察).
�、跲ur school is widely (羨慕) its excellent teaching .
答案：
�、賏dmiring yourself
�、赼dmire the policemen there
�、踑dmired for
6. remind vt. 使記起;提醒;使想起
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人記住/想起某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that ...提醒某人/使某人想起……
must remind him to call; 必須讓他記著打電話(huà);
reminded her of college days. 使她回想起了大學(xué)里的日子
I reminded him of his promise.我他曾許下的諾言。
Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐颐魈旖o我母親寫(xiě)信。
Please remind me to leave her this note 請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐伊艚o她這張紙條
Please remind me that I must call her up before nine. 請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐揖劈c(diǎn)前給她打個(gè)電話(huà)。
The film reminded him of what he had seen in China. 這部影片使他回想起在中國(guó)所看到的一切。
翻譯句子
①這些照片使我想起我的童年。
②請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐颐刻旆嗡帯?/p>
答案：
�、賂hese photos remind me of my childhood.
②Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day.
Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.
7. permission n. [U]許可，允許
permit vt. 準(zhǔn)許，許可，允許; n. 許可(證);執(zhí)照
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
with one's permission 得到允許
without one's permission 未經(jīng)允許
ask sb. for permission 征求某人的許可
give sb. permission to do sth. 允許某人做某事
have one's permission 得到某人的同意
without permission 未經(jīng)許可, 擅自
written permission 書(shū)面許可證
You have my permission to leave. 你可以走了。
完成句子
①They entered the area (未經(jīng)允許).
�、赮ou will need to obtain planning (許可證) if you want to extend your house.
答案：
�、賥ithout permission ②permission
8. clothing n. (總稱(chēng))衣服，服裝[U]
Check your belongings and make sure you don't leave your articles of clothing behind. 檢查你的行李，不要丟下衣物。
Food, clothing and shelter are everyone's priorities.衣食住行是每一個(gè)人優(yōu)(先考慮的事情。
辨析
clothing/clothes/cloth
clothing是衣服、被褥的總稱(chēng)，為不可數(shù)名詞;
clothes指包括上衣、褲子、內(nèi)衣、外衣等在內(nèi)的具體的衣服，它沒(méi)有單數(shù)形式，只能說(shuō)many/some/a few clothes; cloth則指做衣服所用的布料，為不可數(shù)名詞。
選詞填空(clothing/clothes/cloth)
①The industry in this area has been going from strength to strength.
②It’s cold outside. You’d better put on more .
�、跦ow much does it take to make a blouse for a girl?
答案：①clothing②clothes③cloth
重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
9. take place發(fā)生;舉行
In the meantime, an economic crisis took place in that country.在此期間那個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)生了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。
The Olympic Games take place every four years.奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)每四年舉行一次。
拓展
take one's place=take the place of ...代替……
take the first place 獲得第一名
in place of 代替
辨析
take place/happen/break out/occur
take place 通常表示計(jì)劃、安排之內(nèi)的“發(fā)生”。
happen指事情偶然的發(fā)生，常帶有未能預(yù)見(jiàn)的含義;另外，還有“碰巧”之意。
break out指火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或瘟疫的突然爆發(fā)。
occur指按計(jì)劃發(fā)生，常指(某想法、某事)出現(xiàn)在某人的頭腦中。常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)：It occurs/occurred to sb. that表示“某人想起某事”。
It occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys.我想起了我忘了帶鑰匙。
完成句子
�、買(mǎi)t was in the church that their wedding (舉行).
�、赪ill you attend the meeting (代替) me?
�、� (請(qǐng)就座), please! We?re ready to start.
�、躀t’s hard to find a man to (代替) the present manager.
�、軱iu Xiang (獲得第一名) in the 110m hurdle race.
答案：①took place②in place of③Take your place/seat
�、躷ake the place of⑤took the first place
10. in memory of
=to the memory of 紀(jì)念;追念
Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people.很多典禮是為了紀(jì)念名人的。
The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 這個(gè)雕像是為了紀(jì)念那位有名的科學(xué)家而建的。
拓展
in honour of 為了紀(jì)念……;向……表示敬意
in praise of 歌頌;稱(chēng)贊
in favour of 贊同, 支持
in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)
in need of 需要;缺少
in search of 尋找
in possession of 擁有
(1)單項(xiàng)填空
This monument was built the little hero.
A. in place of B. in search of
C. in memory of D. in need of
(2)用由“in+n.+of”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)填空(原創(chuàng))
�、貯 monument was set up (紀(jì)念) the dead soldiers.
�、贖e founded the charity (興辦那項(xiàng)慈善事業(yè)) (懷念) his late wife.
�、跧f you are (需要) anything, don’t hesitate to let me know.
�、躀n the discussion, I was (支持) Mr Li.
解析: (1)選C。
考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：這座紀(jì)念碑是為紀(jì)念那位小英雄而建的。in place of 代替;in search of搜尋;in memory of為紀(jì)念……;in need of需要。
(2)①in memory/honour of②in memory of
�、踚n need of④in favour of
11. dress up dress作“打扮自己或打扮某人”講，與介詞as/like連用或用于dress up as sb./dress up for sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。
We are supposed to dress up as movie characters for the party, what a novel idea! 我們?cè)谕頃?huì)上要裝扮成電影中的角色，這是一個(gè)多么新奇的主意啊!
They dress up for the occasion.為了參加這個(gè)活動(dòng)，他們都穿上了盛裝。
She dress up in Elizabethan costume for the fancy?dress ball. 她穿上伊麗莎白一世時(shí)代的服裝去參加化裝舞會(huì)。
拓展
be dressed in 穿著……衣服
be dressed as 打扮成
be well dressed 衣著講究
dress oneself 穿衣，打扮
dress sb. 給某人穿衣服高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress
C. Dressing D. Having dressed
解析:選A。be dressed in ...穿著……的衣服，表示一種狀態(tài)。
12. play a trick/tricks on sb.搞惡作劇;詐騙;開(kāi)玩笑
The children played a trick on their teacher on April Fool’s Day.孩子們?cè)谟奕斯?jié)那天捉弄了他們的老師。
Remember not to play any tricks on the disabled.記住不要戲弄?dú)埣踩恕?/p>
拓展
play a joke on sb. 開(kāi)某人的玩笑
make fun of sb. 取笑某人
laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
smile at sb. 向某人微笑
make a fool of 愚弄;嘲笑
語(yǔ)法填空
�、賂om liked making fun others in public.
�、贗t’s bad manners to laugh the disabled.
③These boys like playing tricks their teacher.
④He smiled me when he heard my funny answer.
答案：①of②at③on④at
13. look forward to期待某事/做某事(to為介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞)
We should look forward to the futurity.我們應(yīng)該展望未來(lái)。
I am familiar with his work and look forward to hearing his views on literary and artistic creation.我熟悉他的作品，并期待他能就文藝創(chuàng)作方面發(fā)表自己的見(jiàn)解。
拓展
帶有介詞“to”的短語(yǔ)可用下面這兩句話(huà)幫助記憶：
習(xí)慣于舊方式的人堅(jiān)持反對(duì)新事物，這樣導(dǎo)致許多獻(xiàn)身于科學(xué)的人被宣判為大逆不道。不喜歡這種事實(shí)的人談到此事時(shí)，總期待著增添自己的努力使它開(kāi)始改變。
習(xí)慣于be (get) used to，堅(jiān)持stick to，反對(duì)object to，導(dǎo)致lead to，獻(xiàn)身于be devoted to，被宣判為be sentenced to，喜歡prefer...to，談到come to，期待look forward to，增添add to，開(kāi)始get down to。
(1)單項(xiàng)填空
She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to her.
A.See B.have seen C.seeing D.be seeing
(2)語(yǔ)法填空
�、賂he boy hurried forward (see) the world?famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to (see) it for a long time.
②The day I had been looking forward to (come).
③I used to (get) up late, but now I'm used to (get) up early.
解析: (1)選C。句意為：她盼望他歸來(lái)，就如同他想見(jiàn)到她一樣。as引導(dǎo)的是省略句，完整的句子是：as he himself is to looking forward to seeing her。此處分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)熟知look forward to的用法即可突破。
(2)①to see; seeing②came③get; getting
14. turn up
出席(某活動(dòng))(常用于口語(yǔ));出現(xiàn);找到;把(收音機(jī)等的)音量調(diào)大一些(其反義短語(yǔ)是turn down);到場(chǎng)
I’m sure your watch will turn up one of these days.我擔(dān)保你的手表準(zhǔn)有一天能找到。
We invited her to dinner but she didn?t even bother to turn up.我們請(qǐng)她吃飯她都不露面。
I can?t hear the radio very well; could you turn it up a bit?我聽(tīng)不太清楚收音機(jī),你把聲音調(diào)大點(diǎn)行嗎?
拓展
turn against 反對(duì);背叛
turn down (音量等)調(diào)小;拒絕
turn off 關(guān)掉
turn on 打開(kāi);發(fā)動(dòng)
turn out 結(jié)果是……;證明是……
turn to sb. for help 向某人求助
turn away 走開(kāi);轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)臉去;把……打發(fā)走
turn in 進(jìn)入;交出;上交
turn over 打翻;移交;反復(fù)考慮
turn into把……變成……
(1)單項(xiàng)填空
He promised to come yesterday，but he hasn’t yet.
A. turned in B. turned up
C. turned on D. turned out
(2)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空
�、買(mǎi)t’s half past ten, but he hasn’t turned yet.
�、贗t’s wrong to turn our motherland.
�、跴lease turn the radio a bit; I’m doing my homework.
(3)用turn相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(原創(chuàng))
�、貲on’t worry. The file is sure to .
�、赑lease the television a bit, I can’t hear it clearly.
�、跧t that it was Tim who broke the vase.
④The sad child his mother for comfort.
解析: (1)選B。
考查短語(yǔ)辨析。turn in 進(jìn)入;交出;上交;turn on打開(kāi);turn out 結(jié)果是……。均不符合句意。turn up 出現(xiàn)。
(2)①u(mài)p②against③down
(3)①turn up②turn; up③turned out
�、躷urned to
15. keep one's word 守信用;履行諾言; word意為“諾言”時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞，不可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式，其前面不可以用冠詞修飾。
You should keep your word once you make it.你一旦許諾就要遵守諾言。
You promised you would take the children to camp so you must keep your word.你答應(yīng)過(guò)要帶孩子們?nèi)ヒ盃I(yíng)，所以你 必須信守諾言。
拓展
break one's word 食言
get in a word 插嘴
in a/one word=in short總而言之
in other words 換句話(huà)說(shuō)
word for word 逐詞
have a word with sb.與某人談話(huà)
have words with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵
word came that ...有消息傳來(lái)…
單項(xiàng)填空
She said she wouldn’t do it, and she did keep her .
A. Words B. word
C. customs D. apology
解析:選B。句意為：她說(shuō)她不會(huì)做那件事的，她確實(shí)履行了她的諾言。keep one?s word 意為“履行諾言”。word意為“諾言”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞。
16. set off
出發(fā);動(dòng)身;使爆炸; 襯托, 使更鮮明, 使顯得美觀(guān);分開(kāi), 隔開(kāi), 劃出;平衡; 彌補(bǔ), 以...抵消...(against); 使(某人)開(kāi)始做, 使發(fā)火; 觸發(fā), 引起
Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off. 這些煙火要格外小心，稍有火星就能引起爆
What time are you planning to set off tomorrow?你打算明天幾點(diǎn)鐘啟程?
The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people.恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸彈，殺害了6個(gè)人。
If you can set him off talking on his pet dog, he'll go on all night. 如果你能讓他開(kāi)始談?wù)撍膶櫸锕?他就會(huì)整個(gè)晚上談下去。
set off的其他常見(jiàn)用法：
set off 意思是"使……爆炸"，及物性短浯動(dòng)詞：e.g.
They set off the fireworks as soon as it got dark.天一黑他們就放焰火(煙花)。
(2)set off 還可指"出發(fā)，動(dòng)身"，不及物性短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。e.g.
They set off in search of the lost child.他們出發(fā)去尋找那個(gè)丟失的孩子。
(3)set off 還可意為"引起，觸發(fā)"，及物性短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。e.g.
�、賂hat strike set off a series of strikes throughout the country.那次罷工引發(fā)了全國(guó)一系列的罷工。
②A(yíng) letter from home set off an attack of homesickness.一封家書(shū)觸發(fā)了他的思鄉(xiāng)病的發(fā)作。
(4)set off 還可指"使某人突然產(chǎn)生某種活動(dòng)"，其后往往接v.-ing，即set sb.off doing sth.e.g.
Whatever you say will set her off crying.不管你說(shuō)什么都會(huì)使她哭泣。
(5)set off還可指"襯托，使更明顯"。e.g.
This gold frame sets off your painting well.這金色的框架把你的畫(huà)襯托得非常好看。
拓展
set off for a place 出發(fā)到某地
set about doing sth.開(kāi)始(某工作);著手做某事
set out 從某地出發(fā)上路
set out to do sth.開(kāi)始做某事
set sth. up 擺放或豎起某物;創(chuàng)立，建立
set sth. aside 將某事物放在一邊;
(為某目的)節(jié)省或保留金錢(qián)或時(shí)間
set down記下;寫(xiě)下
用set相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空
�、賂he new government must finding solutions to the country’s economic problems.
�、赥he children the fireworks in the yard.
③She a bit of money every month.
�、躎hey a statue in honour of the national hero.
�、軹hey’ve on a journey round the world.
答案：①set about②set off③sets aside
�、躶et up⑤set off/out
重點(diǎn)句型
17. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
(節(jié)日里)整個(gè)國(guó)度到處是盛開(kāi)的櫻花,看上去就像是覆蓋了一層粉紅色的雪。
as though/as if 意為“好像”。
聯(lián)想拓展
as though/as if引導(dǎo)方式從句和表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句：
�、僖龑�(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句
She acted as though nothing had happened.她裝得好像什么事也沒(méi)發(fā)生過(guò)似的。
注意：當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致,且從句謂語(yǔ)中含有動(dòng)詞be時(shí), 可把主語(yǔ)和be一起省略。
He looked about as though (he was) in search of something.他四下張望, 好像在尋找什么。
�、谝龑�(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句
It looks as if it’s going to rain.看樣子要下雨了。
�、踑s though和as if從句是用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 還是用陳述語(yǔ)氣, 完全根據(jù)具體情況而定。如果從句表示的意思與事實(shí)完全相反, 或者純粹是一種假設(shè), 通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子說(shuō)話(huà)的樣子好像她是個(gè)大人。
用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(原創(chuàng))
�、賂he pencil looks as if it (break) with half of it in the glass of water.
�、贚i Ming speaks English very well as though he (be) an Englishman.
�、跧t seems as if our team (be) going to win.
�、蹾e talks about pyramids as though he (see) them himself.
答案：①were broken②were③is ④had seen
18. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ...很明顯，咖啡館里的經(jīng)理在等李方離開(kāi)……
It was obvious/clear that ...= obviously/ clearly, ... 表示“很明顯……，顯而易見(jiàn)……”。屬于It is/was + adj./n./p.p.+that?clause 結(jié)構(gòu)。
拓展
It is necessary/important/strange/natural+that+sb. should do 必要的/重要的是/奇怪的/自然的是某人應(yīng)該……
It is a pity/a shame/no wonder+that+sb. should do 遺憾的是/羞愧的是/難怪某人應(yīng)該……
It is said/believed/reported/announced/expected/ ...+that ...據(jù)說(shuō)/判斷/報(bào)道/宣布/預(yù)計(jì)……
It’s suggested/ordered that sb. (should) do建議/要求某人(做)某事
It?s no harm drinking running water in that area. 在那個(gè)地區(qū)喝自來(lái)水是無(wú)害的。
It was quite clear that they had no desire for peace. 很顯然他們沒(méi)有和平的誠(chéng)意。
It is said that the tickets have been sold out. 據(jù)說(shuō)票已售完。
as if和as though從句中的省略
當(dāng)as if和as though從句的主語(yǔ)與主句一致時(shí)，該主語(yǔ)和后面的動(dòng)詞可以省略。于是便出現(xiàn)下面幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：
1) as if +不定式
He opened his lips as if (he were) to make some reply.
The bee checked its forward speed, circled and then drifted slowly
over the mirrorlike surface of the pool as if to admire its own reflection. 蜜蜂放慢飛行速度，轉(zhuǎn)了幾圈兒，然后在清澈如鏡的水潭上空慢慢地飄過(guò)，似乎要欣賞它自己的倒影。
2) 不定式+形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)
Carrie felt as if unable to endure such a life. 嘉莉覺(jué)得似乎無(wú)法再忍受這種生活了。
He lay still for a long while, as if dead.
3) as if +介詞短語(yǔ)
He looked about as if (he was) in search of something.
4) as if +現(xiàn)在分詞
From time to time Jason turned round as though (he was) searching
for someone.John paused as if expecting Mary to speak. 約翰停下來(lái)，似乎是等瑪麗開(kāi)口。
Nevertheless, the bee kept exercising the wings slowly up and down,as though assessing the damage.然而，那只蜜蜂仍然在不停地慢慢上下活動(dòng)著它地翅膀，仿佛在估量著所受的損害。
5) as if +名詞
He acts as if (he was) a fool.
6) as if +副詞
He made that remark as if absently. 他好像是漫不經(jīng)心地說(shuō)了那句話(huà)。
6. 對(duì)as if-從句認(rèn)識(shí)上的一個(gè)誤區(qū)
對(duì)于as if 的用法，一些人的認(rèn)識(shí)上存在著一個(gè)誤區(qū)，即把a(bǔ)s if從句中動(dòng)詞的形式與主句的時(shí)態(tài)相聯(lián)系。認(rèn)為：“在由as if (as
though)引出的表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣的方式狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句的謂語(yǔ)是一般時(shí)，那么其從句的謂語(yǔ)一般應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 (be用were);反之，如果主句的謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，那么從句謂語(yǔ)一般用“had +過(guò)去分詞”。
這種認(rèn)為從句動(dòng)詞形式受主句時(shí)態(tài)制約的觀(guān)點(diǎn)是不符合語(yǔ)言實(shí)際的。
實(shí)際上，as if和 as though后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與主句時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)關(guān)。如《現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)慣用法詞典》上也有如下例句：
He looks as if he were ill.
He looked as if he were ill.
He looks as if he had been ill.
He looked as if he had been ill.
下面在提供一些主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)而從句仍用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的例句：
A: We’ve been back at work now for three days. 我們回來(lái)上課到現(xiàn)在已三天了
B: I feel as if I had been back for three months. 我感到似乎已回來(lái)三個(gè)月了。
(比較：I have been back for three months.)
6. as if和as though的功能
1) 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句
They talked as if they had been friends for years.
2) 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句
He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales and had passed me like a spirit.
3) 引導(dǎo)感嘆句，表示對(duì)某種建議、假定、想象等的反對(duì)：
As if I cared! 好像我很在乎似的!(相當(dāng)于：I don’t care!)
As if anyone would believe that story! 好像人人都會(huì)相信那種說(shuō)法似的!
He warned me against associating with people of doubtful character.
As if I ever should! 他告誡我不要同可疑的人來(lái)往，好像我真會(huì)那樣做似的!
全單元詞組總結(jié)
1. mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean (doing) sth 意味著做某事
be meant for打算給予……，打算做……用
(had) meant to do 本來(lái)打算做而實(shí)際上未做
by all means 可以，當(dāng)然行，沒(méi)問(wèn)題
by means of 借助……的手段;依靠……方法
By no meant絕不，一點(diǎn)兒也不
2. take place發(fā)生
3. do harm/good有害處/好處
4. go to clean graves掃墓
5. in memory of 為了紀(jì)念……
in celebration of為了慶祝……
in favor of贊同……
in praise of為了表?yè)P(yáng)……
6. in the shape of 以……的形狀
7. offer sb sth=offer sth to sb提供某人某物/某物給某人
offer to do sth主動(dòng)提出做某事/建議將做某事
offer (sb) money for sth(向某人)出價(jià)多少買(mǎi)某物
offer (sb) sth for money(向某人)開(kāi)價(jià)多少賣(mài)某物
8. dress up裝扮
9. play a trick/tricks on=play a joke/jokes on開(kāi)玩笑
10. the arrival of……的回歸
11. gain independence獲得獨(dú)立
12. the agricultural work農(nóng)活
13. decorate… with用……裝飾……
14. win awards贏(yíng)得獎(jiǎng)品
15. admire the moon賞月
admire sb for sth因?yàn)?hellip;…羨慕某人
16. look forward to doing sth期待做某事
17. day and night日日夜夜
18. colourful clothing of all kinds各種各樣的漂亮的衣服
19. as though/if好像
20. be covered with被……覆蓋
21. have fun with取樂(lè)
22. a worldwide holiday全世界的節(jié)日
23. turn up/away/back/down/in/off/on/out/over/to出現(xiàn)/拒絕/原路返回/關(guān)小，拒絕/上交/轉(zhuǎn)變;關(guān)掉/打開(kāi)/證明是;生產(chǎn)/翻轉(zhuǎn)/轉(zhuǎn)向;求助于
in turn輪流/反過(guò)來(lái)
take turns to do sth/in doing sth輪流做某事
do sth by turns輪流干某事
24. laugh at 嘲笑
make fun of取笑
25. keep one’s word/promise守信用，履行諾言
26. hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
27. It is obvious that很明顯……
28. wipe the table擦桌子
29. fall in love with sb愛(ài)上某人
be in love相愛(ài)(與表示一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)詞連用)
get married/be married to sb/ marry sb與某人結(jié)婚
30. once a year一年一次
31. set off出發(fā)
set about著手開(kāi)始
set…against把……與……比較/對(duì)比
set back 使……后退，阻礙，撥慢(鐘表)
set forward前進(jìn)，促進(jìn)，撥快(鐘表)
set down 寫(xiě)下
set out動(dòng)身，出發(fā);攤開(kāi)，陳列;表述(理由)
32. throw…away扔掉
33. remind…of 使……想起……
remind sb to do sth提醒某人干某事
34. forgive sb原諒某人
35. a kind of +n.(s./pl.)+V(單)一種
kinds of +n.(s./pl)+V(復(fù))各種各樣的
36. hold back阻止，退縮
hold on to 抓住，不賣(mài)掉，不放棄
hold on 等一等，請(qǐng)稍等，堅(jiān)持，忍受著
hold up 舉起，拿起，延誤，使停頓
hold out伸出
37. starve for渴望，缺乏
starve to death餓死
38. important religious festival重要的宗教性節(jié)日
39. light lamps點(diǎn)燈
40. apologize to sb for (doing) sth因某事向某人道歉
=say sorry to sb for sth
=make/offer an apologize to sb for (doing) sth
apologize to sb for sb替某人向某人道歉
高中是人生中的關(guān)鍵階段，大家一定要好好把握高中，編輯老師為大家整理的高二英語(yǔ)unit1期末復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)，希望大家喜歡。
(責(zé)任編輯：彭海芝)
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