高考英語語法學(xué)習(xí)點(diǎn)撥
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定語從句是高中英語學(xué)習(xí)的重要語法項(xiàng)目之一，也是歷年高考的熱點(diǎn)。它的難度主要是通過改變句子的正常語序或借助于其它語法項(xiàng)目來體現(xiàn)的，為了提高同學(xué)們的應(yīng)變能力， 現(xiàn)對(duì)定語從句的一些常見考點(diǎn)歸納和總結(jié)如下：
一、疑問句中考查定語從句
1. is this the farm ________ you visited last week?
a. where b. the one c. on which d. /
【解析】答案是d。
命題人經(jīng)常利用疑問句的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)來干擾學(xué)生的正確選擇。遇到這類定語從句時(shí)，最好的辦法是先把疑問句還原成陳述句，然后判斷誰是先行詞，再看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞�，最后確定正確答案。
二、倒裝句中考查定語從句
2. we came to a place, ________ stood a big tower.
a. which b. that c. / d. where
【解析】正確答案是d。為了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒裝語序。倒裝的使用使定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)變得較為特殊，因此對(duì)于使用倒裝語序的定語從句，應(yīng)先把倒裝語序還原成正常語序，這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)就比較清晰了。
三、 拆分詞組和固定搭配
3. the second is connected with the use ________ the body makes of food.
a. of which b. where c. to do d. that
4. why can't you realize the part ________ they have played in our life?
a. which b. on which c. when d. where
【解析】正確答案分別是d和a。一些詞組和搭配被拆開后，句子的含義就變得難以理解。首先把拆開的詞組復(fù)原是理解此類定語從句的關(guān)鍵。上述句子中包含以下詞組：make use of, play a part (in)。
四、添加插入語或狀語
5. the scientist has made another discovery, _______ i believe is of great importance.
a. that b. / c. which d. why
【解析】應(yīng)選擇c。這類句子主要利用插入語或狀語的添加來增加試題的難度。常見的插入語有：i think (suppose, expect, believe, imagine), in my opinion, to tell you the truth等。做這類題目時(shí)，最佳的辦法是先刪去插入語或狀語，這樣句子的主干部分就一目了然了。
五、插入非謂語動(dòng)詞
6. is this the man ________ you want to have ________
the radio for me?
a. who; repaired b. that; repaired
c. whom; repairing d. that; repair
【解析】d項(xiàng)正確。非謂語動(dòng)詞是英語中難度較大的語法項(xiàng)目之一，因而在定語從句中加入非謂語動(dòng)詞就成了學(xué)生最易失分的題目。對(duì)付這類題目最有效的辦法就是將句子還原。如：我們可以把幾個(gè)句子中的定語從句進(jìn)行還原，還原后的句子應(yīng)是：you want to have the man repair the radio for me.
小試牛刀：
1. was it in the shop ________ sold children's clothing that you lost your wallet?
a. / b. where c. that d. when
2. thank you for the difficulty ________ you have had painting the house.
a. when b. / c. why d. where
3. is there anyone around the factory ________ knows how to operate the computer?
a. who b. which c. where d. in which
4. the managers discussed the plan ________ they would like to see ________ the next year.
a. that; carried out
b. who; carried out
c. which; carry out
d. that; carrying out
5. she was much disappointed to see the beautiful cloth ________ she had made ________ with lots of spots.
a. which; cover
b. that; covered
c. /; covering
d. where; covering
6. lincoln, ________ life was once hard, were elected president of american.
a. for whom b. who c. to whom d. /
key: 1―6 cbaaba
(責(zé)任編輯：郭峰)
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