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考研英語復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)經(jīng)典句解析三

來源: 時間:2009-04-23 14:34:41
 1. The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints—ways of feeling,thinking,and acting that "come naturally" in archetypal situations in any culture.
  這些人類學(xué)家所歸諸于生物進化的作用,不是規(guī)定人類行為的種種細(xì)節(jié),而是將各種限制強加于人類——即在任何文化的典型情景中都會“自然表露”的情感、思維、以及行動方式。
  難句類型:復(fù)雜修飾、省略
  解釋:盡管我們很熟悉the role of something的這種表達,但本句中the role of被作者勝利很活。首先,在role后面有一個省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的定語從句(因為role在從句中作ascribe的賓語),這樣就把role和系動詞is隔得很遠(yuǎn)。其次,but前面的句子的主要結(jié)構(gòu)The role is not of doing something其實是The role is not the role of doing something的省略形式,因為后面的the role與前面的完全重復(fù),如果不把它省略掉,誰看到都要覺得啰嗦。因為同樣的道理,but之后的one of imposing constraints實際上是is one role of imposing constraints的省略形式。
  意群訓(xùn)練:The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating  the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints— ways of feeling, thinking,and acting that "come naturally" in archetypal situations in any culture.
  2. Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the “details” versus “constraints” distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?
  以下哪一個選項比較有可能為文章中所談到的與人類行為有關(guān)的“人類行為細(xì)節(jié)”相對“人類所受限制”之間的差異,從人類形態(tài)的角度上提供了一個合適的類比?
  難句類型:復(fù)雜修飾、抽象詞
  解釋:本句子在所有GRE或GMAT閱讀題的題干中是比較難讀懂的題干之一。本句不但結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,而且用詞抽象,使得讀者如果想根據(jù)語義來搞清楚誰修飾誰,也變得極為困難。分析如下:本句的主干是Which of the following provides an analogy for the details versus constraints distinction?. Versus是一個介詞,等于against,即體育比賽中的VS。其他的所有成分均是一些修飾成分。其中一個對答題比較重要的限制條件是from human morphology, 說明這種類比的比較雙方所比的必須是人類形態(tài)上的特征。
  意群訓(xùn)練:Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy from human morphology for the "details" versus "constraints" distinction made in the passage in relation to human behavior?
結(jié)束

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