2011年跟單員考試重點(diǎn)輔導(dǎo)（5）
來源：育路教育網(wǎng)發(fā)布時(shí)間：2011-01-20
為了方便大家更好的復(fù)習(xí)，參加2011年跟單員考試，育路教育網(wǎng)特收集匯總了跟單員考試練習(xí)的輔導(dǎo)資料，希望對您有所幫助，順利通過跟單員考試！
下面提供一些常見的軟條款（The Soft Clause）：
1.The certificates of inspection would be issued and signed by authorized the applicant of L/C before shipment of cargo， which the signature will be inspected by issuing bank.
2.The goods will be shipped upon the appointing vessel by the applicant of L/C and adding a cable/telex amendment of L/C by issuing bank to advising bank， which an amendment should be negotiated accompanied with the original documents.
3.The goods will be shipped upon receipt of shipping advice issued by opener of L/C appointing the name of vessel， which will be issued by way of an amendment to this credit by the issuing bank.
4.Commercial invoice in triplicate， all duly signed and counter-signed by MR. ** and MR. *** of L/C applicant whose signatures must be in conformity with the specimen signatures held in *** bank.
5.Quality confirmation issued and signed by authorized person of applicant （whose signature must be conform with that held in your file）， certifying that goods are in good condition， and stating date， value， quantity of goods and dated not later than Sept， 10， 1998.
附：
相關(guān)案例：
例如：某中行曾收到一份由香港KP銀行開出的金額為USD1，170，000，00；元的信 用證，受益人為廣西某 進(jìn)出口 公司，出口貨物為木箱。該證有如下“軟條款”：“本證尚未生效，除非運(yùn)輸船名已被申請人認(rèn)可并由開證行以修證書形式通知受益人” （THIS CREDIT IS NON-OPERATIVE UNLESS THE NAME OF CARRYING VESSELHAS BEEN APPROVED BY APPLICANT AND TO BE ADVISED BY L/C OPENING BANK INFORM OF AN L/C ANENDMENT TO BENEFICIARY）。該中行在將來證通知受益人時(shí)提醒其注意這一“軟條款”，并建議其修改信用證，以避免可能出現(xiàn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。后來，經(jīng)磋商，申請人撤銷該證，另由香港IB銀行開出同一金額、同一貨物、同一受益人的信用證， 但證中仍有這樣的“軟條款”：“裝運(yùn)只有在收到本證修改書，指定運(yùn)輸船名和裝運(yùn)日期時(shí)，才能實(shí)施”（SHIPMENT CAN ONLY BE EFFECTED UPON RECEIPT OF AN AMENDMENT OF THIS CREDIT ADVISING NAME OF CARRYING VESSE/AND SHIPMENT DATE）。可謂“換湯不換藥”，主動權(quán)仍掌握在申請人手中，而受益人卻面臨若申請人拒發(fā)裝運(yùn)通知，則無法提交全套單據(jù)給銀行議付的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，此時(shí)，該中行了解到與該進(jìn)出口公司聯(lián)營的某工貿(mào)公司已將40萬元人民幣質(zhì)保金匯往申請人要深圳的代表，而且該進(jìn)出品公司正計(jì)劃向其申請人民幣打包貸款600這萬元作訂貸之用。于是，該中行果斷地采取措施，一方暫停向該司代款，另一方面敦促其設(shè)法協(xié)助工貿(mào)公司追回質(zhì)保金。后經(jīng)多方配合，才免遭損失。
又如：遼寧某貿(mào)易公司與美國金華企業(yè)簽訂了銷往香港的5萬立方米花崗巖合同，總金額高達(dá)1，950萬美元，買方通過香港某銀行開出了上述合同下的第一筆信用證，金額為195萬美元。信用規(guī)定："貨物只能待收到申請人指定船名的裝運(yùn)通 知后裝運(yùn)，而該裝運(yùn)通知將由開證行隨后經(jīng)信用證修改書方式發(fā)出“（SHIPMENT CANONLY BE EFFECTED UPON RECEIPT OF APPLIANT"S SHIPPING INSTRUCTIONS THROUGH L/C OPENING BANK NOMINTING THE NAMEOF CARRYING VESSEL BY MEANS OF SUBSEQUENT CREDIT AMENDMENT）。該貿(mào)易公司收到來證后，即將質(zhì)保金260萬元人民幣付給了買方指定代表，裝船前，買方代表來產(chǎn)地驗(yàn)貨，以貨物質(zhì)量不合格為由，拒絕簽發(fā)”裝運(yùn)通知“，致使貨物滯留產(chǎn)地，中方公司根本無法發(fā)貨收匯，損失十分慘重。
國外對軟條款的定義，供參考：
Soft clause
Clauses in the documentary credit which make it impossible for the beneficiary （seller） to meet the conditions of the documentary credit on his own and independently of the purchaser. Example：The goods must be accepted prior to shipment by a representative of the buyer. The name of the representative is made known via an amendment in the documentary credit at a later stage. It is not recommended for exporters to agree to this type of condition.
