1. "I _____ his telephone number." "I have his number ， but I ____
to bring my phone book." A. forget， forget B. forgot ， forgot C. forget，
forgot D. forgot， forget 「陷阱」容易誤選A ，認(rèn)為" 忘記" 是現(xiàn)在的事。

    「分析」仔細(xì)體會(huì)一下對(duì)話(huà)的語(yǔ)境：第一個(gè)人說(shuō)" 我忘記他的電話(huà)號(hào)碼了" ，
這個(gè)" 忘記" 應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在的情況，即現(xiàn)在忘記了，要不然就沒(méi)有必要同對(duì)方說(shuō)此
話(huà)了，故第一空應(yīng)填 forget ；第二個(gè)人說(shuō)" 我有他的號(hào)碼，但我忘記帶電話(huà)本
了" ，這個(gè)" 忘記" 應(yīng)該是過(guò)去的情況，即過(guò)去忘記帶電話(huà)本，所以現(xiàn)在電話(huà)本
不在身上（注意句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞 but），故第二空應(yīng)填 forgot ，即答案選應(yīng)C.
請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆焕��? Oh， I ______ where he lives. - Don't you carry your address
book？

    No， I ______ to bring it. A. forget， forget B. forgot ， forgot
C. forget ， forgot D. forgot ， forget 答案選C ，理由同上。

    2. I had hoped to see her off at the station， but I _____ too busy.
A. was B. had been C. would be D. would have been 「陷阱」容易誤選B 或
D ，認(rèn)為前句用了had hoped ，所以此句謂語(yǔ)要用B 或D 與之呼應(yīng)。

    「分析」但正確答案為A ，前一句謂語(yǔ)用had hoped ，表示的是過(guò)去未曾實(shí)
現(xiàn)的想法或打算，可以譯為" 本想" ，而后一句說(shuō)" 我太忙" ，這是陳述過(guò)去的
一個(gè)事實(shí)，所以要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。請(qǐng)做以下類(lèi)似試題（答案均為A ）：（1 ） We
had hoped to catch the 10 ：20 train， but _____ it was gone. A. found
B. had found C. would find D. would have found（2 ） We had hoped that
you would be able to visit us ， but you _____. A. didn't B. hadn't C.
needn't D. would not have （3 ） We had wanted to come to see him ， but
we ____ no time. A. had B. had had C. would have D. would have had（4 ）
I had expected to come over to see you last night ， but someone ______
and I couldn't get away. A. called B. had called C. would call D. would
have called （5 ） The traffic accident wouldn't have happened yesterday，
but the driver _______ really careless. A. was B. is C. were D. had been

    3. Dear me！ Just _____ at the time ！ I _____ no idea it was so late.
A. look ， have B. looking， had C. look， had D. looking ， have 「陷
阱」此題容易誤選D ，認(rèn)為第一空用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨，第二空填 have 的一般現(xiàn)
在時(shí)，以保持與前面時(shí)態(tài)的一致性。

    「分析」其實(shí)，此題應(yīng)選C ，第一空應(yīng)填 look ，因?yàn)檫@是祈使句的謂語(yǔ)；
第二空應(yīng)填 had，因?yàn)榍耙痪湔f(shuō)" 看看時(shí)間吧" ，這一看當(dāng)然知道了現(xiàn)在很遲的
情形，" 不知道這么遲了" 顯然應(yīng)是" 過(guò)去" 的事，故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，許多
同學(xué)由于忽略這一隱含的語(yǔ)境而誤選。

    4. "Your phone number again ？ I _____ quite catch it." "It's 4331577."
A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't 「陷阱」此題容易誤選C ，認(rèn)為此
處要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，表示現(xiàn)在" 沒(méi)聽(tīng)清對(duì)方的話(huà)".「分析」其實(shí)，此題答案應(yīng)
選A ，根據(jù)上文的語(yǔ)境" 請(qǐng)把你的電話(huà)號(hào)碼再說(shuō)一遍好嗎？" 可知" 沒(méi)聽(tīng)清對(duì)方
的電話(huà)號(hào)碼" 應(yīng)是在說(shuō)此話(huà)以前，故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。請(qǐng)看以下類(lèi)似試題：
（1 ）"Mr Smith isn't coming tonight." "But he _____." A. promises B.
promised C. will promise D. had promised答案選B ，" 他答應(yīng)（要來(lái)）" 應(yīng)
發(fā)生在過(guò)去。

    （2 ）"Hey， look where you are going ！" "Oh ， I'm terribly sorry.
_____." A. I'm not noticing B. I wasn't noticing C. I haven't noticed
D. I don't notice 答案選B ，" 我沒(méi)注意" 是對(duì)方提醒之前的事，現(xiàn)經(jīng)對(duì)方一
提醒，當(dāng)然注意到了。

    （3 ）"Oh it's you！ I ________ you." "I've had my hair cut." A. didn't
realize B. haven't realized C. didn't recognize D. don't recognized 答
案選C." 沒(méi)認(rèn)出是你" 是說(shuō)此話(huà)之前的事，說(shuō)此話(huà)時(shí)顯然已經(jīng)認(rèn)出了對(duì)方。

    （4 ）"What's her new telephone number？" "Oh ， I _____." A. forget
B. forgot C. had forgotten D. am forgetting 此題應(yīng)選A ，從語(yǔ)境上看，"
忘記" 的時(shí)間應(yīng)是現(xiàn)在，即指現(xiàn)在不記得了。

    （5 ）"Since you've agreed to go， why aren't you getting ready ？
" "But I ______ that you would have me start at once." A. don't realize
B. didn't realize C. hadn't realized D. haven't realized答案選B." 沒(méi)意
識(shí)到" 是對(duì)方提醒之前的事。

    （6 ）"It's twelve o'clock， I think I must be off now." "Oh， really？
I ______ it at all." A. don't realize B. haven't realized C. didn't realize
D. hadn't realized答案選C." 沒(méi)意識(shí)到" 是在聽(tīng)到的話(huà)之前的事。

    5. Mr Smith ______ a book about China last year but I don't know whether
he has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing
「陷阱」容易誤選B 或C.「分析」此題應(yīng)選D ，這是由 but I don't know whether
he has finished it這一句話(huà)的語(yǔ)境決定的，全句意為" 史密斯先生去年在寫(xiě)一
本書(shū)，但我不知道他現(xiàn)在是否寫(xiě)完了".有的同學(xué)可能由于受 last year的影響而
誤選B.但若選B ，則句子前半部分的意思則變?yōu)?quot; 史密斯先生去年寫(xiě)了一本書(shū)" ，
既然是" 寫(xiě)了" ，那么這與下文的" 但我不知道他現(xiàn)在是否寫(xiě)完了" 相矛盾。

    6. He has changed a lot. He _______ not what he _______. A. is， is
B. was， was C. is， was D. was ， is 「陷阱」幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。

    「分析」最佳答案選C ，上文說(shuō)" 他" 變化很大，即" 他" 現(xiàn)在不是過(guò)去的
那個(gè)樣子了，故第一空填is，第二空填 was（其實(shí)第二空也可用 used to be ）。
請(qǐng)看類(lèi)例："What place is it ？" "Haven't you found out we _____ back where
we ______ ？" A. were ， had been B. have been， are C. are ， were D.
are ， had been 答案選C ，We are back where we were 的意思是" 我們（現(xiàn)
在）又回到剛才來(lái)過(guò)的地方".

    7. He is very busy. I don't know if he _____ or not tomorrow. A. come
B. comes C. will come D. is coming「陷阱」此題容易誤選B.認(rèn)為 if 引導(dǎo)的
是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)意義。

    「分析」其實(shí)，此題答案應(yīng)選C ，句中if引導(dǎo)的不是條件狀語(yǔ)從句（即if≠
如果），而是賓語(yǔ)從句（即if＝是否），句意為" 他很忙，我不知道明天他是否
會(huì)來(lái)。" 請(qǐng)看以下類(lèi)似試題：（1 ）I don't know if she _____ ， but if she
____ I will let you know. A. comes， comes B. will come ， will come C.
comes ， will come D. will come ， comes答案選 D，第一個(gè) if 引導(dǎo)的是賓
語(yǔ)從句，第二個(gè) if 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

    （2 ）"When _____ he come ？" "I don't know ， but when he _____，
I'll tell you." A. does ， comes B. will， will come C. does， will come
D. will ， comes答案選 D，第一個(gè) when 疑問(wèn)副詞，用于引出一個(gè)特殊疑問(wèn)句
；第二個(gè) when 是從屬連詞，用于引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

    （3 ）"When he _____ is not known yet." "But when he ____ ， he will
be warmly welcomed." A. comes ， comes B. will come ， will come C. comes，
will come D. will come， comes答案選 D，第一個(gè) when 引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，
第二個(gè) when 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

    8. The bridge ， which _____ 1688 ， needs repairing. A. is dated
from B. was dated from C. dates from D. dated from「陷阱」此題容易誤選
B 或D ，認(rèn)為句中用了 1688 這個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)間，所以應(yīng)選過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，又因?yàn)?date
from不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以只能選D.「分析」其實(shí)此題的最佳答案應(yīng)是C ，因?yàn)?br /> date from 的意思是" 自某時(shí)起存在至今" （＝have existed since），它通常
用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而不用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（盡管其后接的總是表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間）。如：
The church dates from 1176. 這座教堂是六世紀(jì)建的。

    The castle dates from the 14th century. 這座城堡是14世紀(jì)建的。

    但若所談?wù)摰臇|西現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在，則可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：The church，
which dated from the 13th century ， was destroyed in an earthquake two
years ago.那座教堂是13世紀(jì)建成的，兩年前在一次地震中被毀了。

    注：與 date from同義的 date back to 也有類(lèi)似用法。

    9. "You've left the light on." "Oh， so I have. _____ and turn it
off." A. I'll go B. I've gone C. I go D. I'm going「陷阱」容易誤選D.「
分析」A 和D 兩者均可表示將來(lái)，填入空格處似乎都可以。但實(shí)際上只有A 是最
佳的，因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境來(lái)看，" 我去把燈關(guān)掉" 這一行為是說(shuō)話(huà)人聽(tīng)了對(duì)
方的話(huà)后臨時(shí)想到的，而不是事先準(zhǔn)備的。而按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣：will和 be going to
后接動(dòng)詞原形均可表示意圖，但意圖有強(qiáng)弱之分，如果是事先考慮過(guò)的意圖，要
用 be going to；如果不是事先考慮過(guò)的，而是說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)刻才臨時(shí)想到的意圖，則
用 will.比較："I've come out without any money." "Never mind， I will
lend you some.""我出來(lái)沒(méi)帶錢(qián)。""沒(méi)關(guān)系，我借給你。" （句中用will lend ，
表示" 借" 錢(qián)給對(duì)方是臨時(shí)想到的，即聽(tīng)了對(duì)方的話(huà)后臨時(shí)作出的反應(yīng)）

    I've bought a typewriter and I'm going to learn to type.我買(mǎi)了臺(tái)打
字機(jī)，我想學(xué)打字。（句中用 be going to learn to type，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人要學(xué)打
字是事先準(zhǔn)備的，并為此買(mǎi)了臺(tái)打字機(jī)）