2013年高考英語二輪復習知識點:形容詞和副詞
形容詞、副詞是每年高考必考點之一,近幾年語境綜合化程度越來越高,難度加大。高考熱點有:形容詞、副詞詞義辨析;原級、比較級、最高級的使用;倍數(shù)的表達方法;比較等級的修飾語;多個形容詞的排列順序;常見形容詞、副詞的慣用法等。
關于形容詞與副詞這一考點,主要考查以下幾個方面:
1.考查形容詞和副詞的基本用法
形容詞在句中一般作定語、表語、補語,而副詞在句中主要作狀語。
2.考查形容詞作定語的后置規(guī)律
形容詞作定語一般位于所修飾的名詞前,但下列三種情況形容詞要后置:①形容詞短語作定語時;②表語形容詞作定語時;③修飾復合不定代詞時。
3.考查多個形容詞作定語的排序
多個形容詞修飾名詞時,其排序規(guī)律是:(限定詞+程度副詞+) 描繪+大小(長短、高低)+形狀+年齡(新舊)+顏色+國籍或產(chǎn)地+物質材料+類別或用途+名詞。
4.考查副詞在句中的位置規(guī)律
副詞修飾形容詞或其它副詞時,一般位于被修飾詞的前面,但enough卻要放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞的后面。
5.考查–ed形容詞和-ing形容詞的區(qū)別
-ed形容詞,通常說明人,意為“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容詞通常說明事物,意為“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。
6.考查兩種不同形式的副詞的用法差異
即考查與形容詞同形的副詞與形容詞后加ly構成的副詞的區(qū)別。
7.考查形容詞和副詞的比較等級。
8.考查比較等級的修飾語。
考點1:在具體的語境中辨析形容詞與副詞的語義
從復現(xiàn)的頻率來看,此點是高考對形容詞、副詞考查的第一大熱點。解答此類題關鍵是要分析具體的語境,結合基本詞義、搭配等來選擇正確的答案。
經(jīng)過統(tǒng)計,常見?嫉男稳菰~和副詞有(按頻度排列):even; interested; interesting; yet; hardly; just; therefore; though; too; very; common; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly; only; purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising
還有以下形容詞和副詞應當熟悉和掌握: a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively; adequately; already; another; anxious; anyway; ashamed; attentively; bad; badly; besides; better; but; careful; changeable; cheap; comfortable; convenient; eagerly; easy; encouraging; enha-ncing; equal; even though; eventually; fairly; far; fewer; following; formally; friendly; gen-erously; gradually; heavily; historic; hopefully; immediately; inaccessible; individual; inevit-able; initial; instead; invisible; largely; never; next; no; normal; nowadays; obviously; ordin-ary; other; otherwise; patient; plenty of; prac-tical; promoting; proper; quickly; readily; reasonable; remote; seldom; seriously; short; so; stimulating; traditional; unavailable; unav-oidable; unfavorable; unfortunately; usual; va-rious; weak; well
考點2:考查形容詞、副詞的比較級、最高級及前面的修飾語
【備考清單】
1) 比較級、最高級的選用及應用范圍
比較級、最高級常用于表示兩者或多者間的比較。復習中須注意如下句型的用法:
、 as + 原級adj. / adv. + as表示“和……一樣”及not as / so + 原級adj. / adv. + as表示“不如……”。例如:
(94全國) John plays football as well as, if not better than, David.
The piano in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good.
② as + 原級adj. + a(n) + n. + as表示“跟……一樣”。例如:
(2001全國) It‘s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
(2003北京) Our neighbour has as big a house as ours.
、 比較級 + than表“比……更”及l(fā)ess …… than表示“不如……”。例如:
This year they have produced less grain than they did last year.
This road is wider than that one.
、 the + 比較級, the + 比較級表示“越……,就越……”。例如:
(93上海) It‘s believed that the harder you work, the better result you’ll get.
⑤ the +比較級+ of the + 名詞 / 代詞表示兩者中“較……的”。例如:
Who is the younger of the two boys?
(責任編輯:韓志霞)
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