順序調(diào)整法:一般來(lái)說(shuō),翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)該按照句子原來(lái)的順序進(jìn)行,但由于英漢兩種語(yǔ)言中定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和一些其他成分的位置不完全相同,翻譯時(shí)需要做一定的調(diào)整(例如采用倒譯法),使其更符合漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣。如:
He looked at the sea moodily.他心情不快地望著大海。(英語(yǔ)的狀語(yǔ)moodily翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)位置有所變化)
The true measure of the danger is represented by the hazards we will encounter if we enter the new age of technology without first evaluating our responsibility to environment.如果我們進(jìn)入了技術(shù)新時(shí)代而不首先估價(jià)我們對(duì)環(huán)境所負(fù)的責(zé)任,我們將遇到公害,這些公害將表明危險(xiǎn)真正達(dá)到了什么程度。
That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.這種理論的核心是,我們的環(huán)境同我們的才能、性格特征和行為即使有什么關(guān)系的話,也是微不足道的。(原來(lái)的謂語(yǔ),在譯文中變成了在前的主語(yǔ)。)(真題示范)
Aid is only partial recompense for what the superior economic power of the advanced countries denies us through trade.先進(jìn)國(guó)家用優(yōu)勢(shì)力量,通過(guò)貿(mào)易剝削我們,其援助只不過(guò)是部分償還而已。
Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of may of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.相反,行為主義者認(rèn)為,成績(jī)的差異是由于黑人往往被剝奪了白人在教育及其他環(huán)境方面所享有的許多有利條件。(in contrast在原文句中,翻譯成漢語(yǔ)后放在句首。)(真題示范)